Contradictory sentences là gì

1. 
   About semantics
   

• 
  What is semantics?
  
• 
  Meaning
  

+ Speaker meaning

+ Informative meaning

+ Communicative meaning

+ Literal meaning and figurative meaning

1. 
   Sentences, utterances, and propositions
   

• 
  Utterances
  
• 
  Sentences
  
• 
  Propositions
  

1. 
   Reference and sense
   

• 
  Reference
  

+ Characteristics

+ Variable reference and constant reference

• 
  Sense
  

+ Characteristics

+ Polysemy and homonymy

1. 
   Referring expressions
   

• 
  Definition
  
• 
  Characteristics
  
• 
  Opaque context
  
• 
  Equative meaning
  

1. 
   Predicates
   

• 
  Predicator
  
• 
  Predicate and arguments
  
• 
  Degree of predicate
  

1. 
   Predicates, referring expressions, and universe of discourse
   

• 
  Generic sentence
  
• 
  Universe of discourse
  

1. 
   Deixis and definiteness
   

• 
  Deixis
  

+ Characteristics

• 
  Definiteness
  

+ Characteristics

1. 
   Words and things: extensions and prototypes
   

• 
  Extensions
  

+ Characteristics

• 
  Prototype
  

+ Characteristics

1. 
   Sense properties and stereotypes
   

• 
  Sense properties
  

+ Synthetic sentence

+ Contradictory sentence

• 
  Stereotypes
  

+ Characteristics

1. 
   Sense relations [2]
   

• 
  Semantic relations among words
  

+ Hyponymy

+ Antonymy

• 
  Sense relations among sentences
  

+ Entailment

• 
  Ambiguity
  

1. 
   Properties of predicates
   

• 
  Symmetry
  
• 
  Reflexivity
  
• 
  Transivity