Bài tập phân biệt perfect gerund và present participle

1.2.1 Dùng sau các động từ chỉ giác quan: feel (cảm thấy), hear (nghe), see (gặp), watch (thấy), smell (ngửi thấy) (nhấn mạnh sự tiếp diễn của hành động).

Ex: I saw him writing a letter.

(Tôi gặp anh ta đang viết thư.)

1.2.2 Dùng trong cấu trúc:

S + V + O + V-ing

Với các động từ: catch (bắt gặp), find (nhận thấy), spend (tiêu xài, bỏ ra), waste (lãng phí), leave (để)

Ex: She left him waiting outside.

(Cô ta để anh ấy chờ bên ngoài.)

1.2.3 Dùng diễn tả các hành động kế tiếp nhau (gần nhau về thời gian) củacùng chủ từ (hành động trước dùng V-ing).

Ex: Opening the drawer, she took out a book.

(Mở ngăn kéo ra, cô ta lấy 1 quyển sách.)

\=> Cô ta mở ngăn kéo trước, lấy sách sau.

2. Perfect gerund and perfect participle (Danh động từ hoàn thành và phân từ hoàn thành)

2.1 Perfect gerund (Having + V3/ed)

- Xem lại cách dùng của gerund

- Khi động từ (cần thêm –ING) chỉ hành động đã xảy ra trước hành động kia, dùng Perfect gerund diễn tả hành động trước.

Ex: He was accused of having deserted his ship two months ago.

(Anh ta bị cáo buộc đã bỏ con tàu cách đây hai tháng.)

\=> Hành động bỏ con tàu diễn ra trước khi bị cáo buộc.

Không có sự khác biệt lớn khi nói “He was accused of deserting his ship two months ago.”

2.2 Perfect participle (Having + V3/ed)

- Khi hai hành động của cùng chủ từ xảy ra trước sau trong quá khứ, dùng Having + V3/ed diễn tả hành động trước (kéo dài hơn hành động thứ hai).

TiếngAnh123.Com - a product of BeOnline Co., Ltd. (Cty TNHH Hãy Trực Tuyến)

Giấy phép ĐKKD số: 0102852740 cấp bởi Sở Kế hoạch và Đầu tư Hà Nội. Giấy phép cung cấp dịch vụ mạng xã hội học tiếng Anh trực tuyến số: 549/GP-BTTTT cấp bởi Bộ Thông tin & Truyền thông. Địa chỉ: số nhà 13, ngõ 259/9 phố Vọng, Đồng Tâm, Hai Bà Trưng, Hà Nội. Tel: 02473080123 - 02436628077 Chính sách bảo mật thông tin | Quy định sử dụng

Chuyển sang sử dụng phiên bản cho:

Mobile Tablet

§Ó vµng ®Çy r¬ng ch¼ng quý b»ng d¹y con häc mét quyÓns¸ch.Cho con ngµn vµng ch¼ng b»ng d¹y con biÕt mét nghÒ( S¸ch H¸n Th)Language focus of unit 4

Gerund and Present Participle/ Perfect gerund and Perfect Participle

9. Gerund and Present Participle1. Gerund

(

danh ®éng tõ) ®îc cÊu t¹o bëi mét ®éng tõ + ING ®Ó trëthµnh danh tõ.- Gerund cã chøc n¨ng lµm chñ ng÷ trong c©u.VÝ dô:

Swimming

in a swimming pool on a hot day is veryinteresting.-Gerund cã chøc n¨ng lµm t©n ng÷ trong c©u.VÝ dô : He likes

playing

football.- Gerund cã chøc n¨ng lµm bæ ng÷ trong c©u.VÝ dô : Conservation is

safeguarding

and preservation of naturalresources.- Còng nh nh÷ng danh tõ kh¸c, Gerund còng ®îc dïng sau mét m¹o tõ,tÝnh tõ së h÷u,…VÝ dô: Do you mind opening the door?The

reclaiming

is important for farmers.Thank you for your

coming

.-Gerund ®«i khi ®Ó thµnh lËp danh tõ kÐp.VÝ dô : a diving board, driving licence, landing car

2. Present Participle

( Ph©n tõ hiÖn t¹i) ®îc cÊu t¹o bëi mét ®éng tõ+ ING _ Present participle (V_ing) ®i sau ®«ng tõ TO BE ®Ó diÔn t¶ hµnh®éng ®ang x¶y ra.VÝ dô: I am

studying

English now.- Present Participle ( V_ing) ®îc dïng thay thÕ mét mÖnh ®Ò quan hÖ.VÝ dô: The train

arriving

at the station is one hour late. ( The train

which is arriving at the

station

is one hour late.)Present Participle ( V-ing) dïng ®Ó miªu t¶ hai hµnh ®éng.+ x¶y ra cïng mét thêi ®iÓm, mét chñ ng÷.VÝ du; We sat in front of T.V,

watching

football.+ x¶y ra nèi tiÕp nhau, cïng chung mét chñ ng÷VÝ dô:

Closing

all the windows and the door carefully, she wentto bed.- Present participle ( V_ ing) còng ®îc dïng nh mét tÝnh tõ .VÝ dô: running water, a boring story…Present participle còng ®îc dïng sau cÊu tróc have + sb + V_ingVÝ dô: I had him

cleaning

his bike.Present Participle.: ®îc dïng sau ®éng tõ “go”VÝ dô: go swimming, go fishing.Present participle ( V_ ing ) cßn cã thÓ ®îc dïng sau mét sè ®éng tõthuéc vÒ gi¸c quan nh: see, hear, smell….VÝ dô : I see him

passing

my house everyday.Present Participle ( V_ ing) còng ®îc dïng sau c¸c ®éng tõ catch, find,leave, object.VÝ dô : I

caught

them

stealing

my apples.He

found

a tree

lying

across the road.I

left

her

talking

to my mother.

II. Perfect gerund and Perfect Participle.

1. Perfect gerund

®îc dïng thay cho d¹ng hiªn t¹i cña danh ®éng tõkhi chóng ta ®Ò cËp tíi hµnh ®éng qu¸ khø.VÝ dô : The boy was accused of

having stolen

/ stealing her money.She apologized for

having broken

/ breaking my vase.

Perfect gerund

thêng dïng sau DENYVÝ dô: He denied

having stolen

her money.

2. Perfect Participle

.( ph©n tõ qu¸ khø) cã cÊu tróc : Having + P

II .

Ph©n tõ qu¸ khø dïng ®Ó nhÊn m¹nh hnµh ®éng ®· x¶y ra hoµn t©ttríc mét hµnh ®éng kh¸c x¶y ra trong qu¸ khø.VÝ dô:

Having finished

all my exercises, I went to bed.Exercises.

9. Hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau ®©y víi d¹ng ®óng cña ®éng tõ vµcho biÕt chóng lµ Gerund hay Present Participle.

1. ( Feel) ……….. hungry, he went into the kitchen and opened thefridge.2. My boss spends two hours a day ( travel) …….to work3. ( Swim) ………. is my favourite sport.4. One of life’s pleasure is ( have) ……….breakfast in bed.5. ( Whistle) ………. to himself, he walked down the road.6. In spite of ( miss) ……… the train , we arrived on time.7. They found the money ……….( lye) on the ground.8. He was trapped in a (burn)……….. house.9. I’m tired of …………( work) eight hours a day.10. She always puts off (go) ………… to the dentist.

II. Hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau ®©y víi d¹ng ®óng cña ®éng tõ lµGerund ,Present Participle, perfect participle.

1.She admitted ( kill) her husband.2.I reget ( write) ………… her that letter.3.I enjoy ( play)…… tennis with my friends.4.Martin denied (see) …….. the accused man on the day of thecrime.5.( Tell) …….. me that she would never speak to me again , shepicked up her stuff and stormed out of the house.6.– Will you enter for the next eloquence contest?- (Win) ……… twice , I don’t want to try again. Let’s give chances toother.

7.

( Improve ) ……. her English Pia’s promotion prospects are muchbetter.

III. ViÕt l¹i nh÷ng c©u sau b»ng c¸ch thay thÕ phÇn in nghiªngvíi PerfecParticiple mµ nghÜa ko ®æi.

1.

We switched off the lights

before we went to bed.-> Having switched off the lights, we went to bed.2.

The boy asked his mother’s permission

and then went out to play.->………………………………………………………………………………………..3.

As he had drunk too much

, he didn’t drive home himself.->………………………………………………………………………………………..4.

We have done two tests today

, so we are exhausted.->………………………………………………………………………………………..5.

She filled the washing machine

and switched it on.->………………………………………………………………………………………..6.

She had been to disco the night

before

and she overslept in themorning.->………………………………………………………………………………………..

7.

We had worked in the garden all day

and were sunburned in theevening.->………………………………………………………………………………………..8.

She had not slept for two days

and therefore she wasn’t able toconcentrate.->………………………………………………………………………………………..9.

Since I had not seen him for ages

, I didn’t recognize him.->………………………………………………………………………………………..10.

I had not ridden a horse for a long time

and I found it very difficultto keep in the saddle.->………………………………………………………………………………………..11.

Zoe had practiced a lot

, so she was sure of her winning in thecompetition.->………………………………………………………………………………………..

IV. ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau mµ nghÜa kh«ng ®æi.

1. Nam won a scholarship. We are excited about that fact.-> We’re ………………………………………………………………2. Entering the room, I was surprised at what I saw.-> When ………………………………………………………………3. The volunteers couldn’t mow the old lady’s lawns because of therain.-> The rain prevented …………………………………………………4. David did his homework and the went to bed.-> After having ………………………………………… ……………5. It is easy for anyone to learn how to cook.-> Learning…………………………………………………………….

VII. ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau dïng After and Before.

1. I told him off. Then I realized I was wrong.-> After I had told him off, I realized I was wrong.2. I worked very hard for the exam. Then I passed it.-> Before…………………………………………………………….3. First I considered what to study. Then I decided to major in Maths.-> After………………………………………………………………..4. She wrote a letter. Then she went to bed.-> After……………………………5. He bought a radio. First he checked the price.-> After…………………………………6. They argued. Then they fought.-> After……………………………………………7. She went out for a walk. Then she had a fatal accident.-> Before…………………………………………………8. She decided to go away. First she faced the matter.-> After…………………………….9. We read the book, then we wrote the assignment.-> Before………………………………………………..10. She watched the film, then she wrote a report.-> After…………………………………VIII. ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau dïng Gerund Phrase ( côm danh ®éng tõ)1. A good way of keeping fit is

to swim everyday

.->

Swimming everyday

is a good way of keeping fit.2. It takes a long time to learn a foreign language.->………………………………………………………3. Grow your own food. It’s less expensive.->…………………………………………………………